The triarchic theory of intelligence was proposed in 1985 by Robert J. Sternberg. The theory states that intelligence can be categorized into three main types, namely analytical intelligence, practical intelligence and creative intelligence. Of these three, only the first is adequately measured by IQ-tests.

Source:

Sternberg, R. J. (1985). Beyond IQ: A triarchic theory of human intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press.