The misinformation effect is a phenomenon observed in memory retrieval studies, in which people’s memories have been shown to be susceptible to influence by misleading or incorrect information provided after an event. The effect demonstrates that reconstructive processes are involved in the retrieval of memories, as well as the fact that individuals can unknowingly have incorrect memories of events.

Source: Loftus, E. F., Miller, D. G., Burns, H. J. (1978). Semantic integration of verbal information into a visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, Vol 4(1), Jan 1978, 19-31.